Research progress in expression of functional proteins in reflux esophagitis / 天津医药

Reflux esophagitis is a common type of gastroesophageal reflux disease.Its pathogenesis is not completely clear,but the body immunity,oxidative stress and chemical damage have gradually become the research focus.According to the latest research, the expressions of related proteins in reflux esophagitis provide a foundation for its pathogenesis. And some kinds of proteins can be used as monitoring index in the development process from reflux esophagitis to esophageal adenocarcinoma. This article is to review the expression and significance of proteins in reflux esophagitis in recent years.

Effect of Dendrobium Nobile Lindl Decoction on Expression of PPARγin Diabetic Nephropathy Rat Kidney / 医药导报

Objective To exPlore the ProtectiVe mechanism of Dendrobium nobile lindl ( DNL ) decoction on the exPression of Peroxisome Proliferator actiVated recePtor gamma ( PPARγ) in the renal cortex of diabetic nePhroPathy ( DN) rats. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly diVided into six grouPs (n=10 Per grouP) as follows: normal control grouP (NC), diabetic nePhroPathy control grouP ( DN) ,rosiglitazone grouP ( RGZ) ,the Dendrobium nobile lindl low ( LD) ,medium ( MD) and high ( HD) dose grouPs. After DN rat model was established, the rats were administrated with resPectiVe medications for 12 weeks,resPectiVely. The renal Pathology of rats was obserVed. The mRNA and Protein exPression of PPARγ in the renal cortex were detected via Real_time PCR and Western blotting,resPectiVely. Results High dose DNL decoction significantly alleViated thickening of kidney tissue basement membrane and fusion of foot Process in model rats. The leVels of PPARγmRNA and Protein exPression in the MD and HD grouPs were significantly increased as comPared with the DN grouP (P<0. 05,P<0. 01). Conclusion DNL decoction can effectiVely reduce kidney injury by uP_regulating the PPARγ mRNA and Protein exPression in diabetic nePhroPathy rats.

Effect of pungent dispersion bitter purgation method on the esophageal mucosal intercellular space of reflux esophagitis model rats / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of pungent dispersion bitter purgation method (PDBPM) on the esophageal mucosal intercellular space of reflux esophagitis (RE) model rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 100 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the control group, the model group, the Western medicine group (WM), the Chinese medicine group (CM), 25 rats in each group. Rats in the control group only received switch operation. Rats in the rest three groups received modified partial cardia muscle incision combined pylorus ligation of external parts to prepare the RE rat model. Starting from the 3rd day after operation, WM mixture (Motilium 3. 2 mg/kg + Omeprazole Capsule 4.3 mg/kg + Hydrotalcite Tablet 161.4 mg/kg) was administered by gastrogavage to rats in the WM group. Rats in the CM group was administered by gastrogavage with Modified Banxia Xiexin Decoction (5.7 g/kg), 2.5 mL each time, twice daily for 14 consecutive days. Equal volume of normal saline was administered by gastrogavage to rats in the control group and the model group. On day 7 and 14, the lower esophagus pH value, general specimen of mucosa and histopathologic changes were observed. Intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium were measured for a control study.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the same group at day 7, the lower esophagus pH value increased at day 14 (P < 0.01); the naked eye integral of esophageal mucosa and intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium also decreased at day 14 in the CM group and the WM group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group at the same time point, the lower esophagus pH value decreased in the model group (P < 0.01). The naked eye integral of esophageal mucosa, and intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium increased in the model group with increased intercellular spaces (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group at the same time point, the lower esophagus pH value increased and the naked eye integral of esophageal mucosa decreased in the CM group and the WM group at day 7 and 14 (P < 0.01). Intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium of RE model rats at day 14 was lower in the CM group and the WM group than in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the WM group, the lower esophagus pH value decreased at day 7 in the CM group (P < 0.05); the naked eye integral of esophageal mucosa and intercellular spaces of esophageal epithelium decreased at day 14 in the CM group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PDBPM had favorable treatment effect on RE model rats. The therapeutic effect was more obvious along with the therapeutic course went by. Its mechanism might be achieved through good repair effect on damaged mucosa, increasing the pressure of esophageal sphincter, and inhibiting gastric acid.</p>

Shen warming Pi strengthening method intervened IBS-D rats: an efficacy assessment / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>IBS-D rat model was established to assess the effect of Shen warming Pi strengthening method (SWPSM) for intervening diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by observing rats' general state, stool properties, AWR ranking, and histopathological changes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 72 rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, i.e. the normal group, the model group, the high, middle, low dose SWPSM groups, and the control group, 12 in each group. The IBS-D rat model was successfully established referring to AL-Chaer ED's modeling method. After modeling high, middle, and low dose SWPS Recipe boil-free granules were given by gastrogavage to rats in corresponding treatment groups. Sishen Pill boil-free granule was given by gastrogavage to those in the control group. Equal volume of normal saline was given by gastrogavage to rats in the model group. The medication lasted for 2 weeks. Rats' general state, stool properties, abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) ranking, and histopathological changes were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the general state of all rats got im- provement to various degrees. The improvement in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups were superior to that in the low dose SWPS Recipe group and the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the growth rate between after and before treatment in each group (P > 0.05). Compared with the model group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group, the defecation amount within 4 h was less in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups and the control group (P < 0.05). The Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stool, ratio of dry stool and wet stool were lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group and the low dose SWPS Recipe group (P < 0.05). The AWR ranking score was lower in the high and middle dose SWPS Recipe groups than in the control group when the volume of balloon dilation was 1.5 mL. There was no organic change of histological or morphological observation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High sensitive IBS-D model was proved to be reliable. SWPSM could reduce the quantity of stools, lower Bristol ranking score, average ranking of loose stools as well as ratios of dry stool and wet stool, contributing to reducing the high sensitivity of rats' visceral organs to some extent.</p>

Association of CFTR gene polymorphism with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens in ethnic Han Chinese patients / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the association between a 5T polymorphism in intron 8 of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD) in Han Chinese males.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Genomic DNA from 33 individuals with CBAVD and 99 azoospermic males with CBAVD were recruited. The 5T polymorphism was detected with PCR, TA cloned and sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CFTR gene mutations were identified in 17 (51.5%) of patients with CBAVD. In 3 patients (17.6%), the mutations were identified on both alleles. Nine CFTR gene mutations (9.1%) were detected in 99 azoospermic patients, for whom none had mutations on both alleles.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study has confirmed molecular heterogeneity of CFTR mutations in CBAVD. For CBAVD patients without 5T mutations, other changes may be found in the same gene.</p>

Genetic defect in Chinese azoospermic patients and their relationship with reproductive hormones / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence of abnormal karyotypes and Y chromosome microdeletion in Chinese men with azoospermia, and the relationship with reproductive hormones.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four hundred and eighty nine cases of azoospermic patients and 20 fertile men were studied. Karyotypes and Y chromosome microdeletion were analyzed by G-banding and mutiplex polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Chemiluminescene immunoassay technique was applied to measure the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), and prolactine (PRL).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Chromosome abnormalities were found in 102 out of 489 azoospermic patients (20.86%), among them 86 (84.31%) cases had sex chromosome abnormalities, with 73 cases being Klinefelter syndrome. Y chromosome microdeletions were detected in 58 (11.86%) cases out of the 489 patients, and deletion of the AZFc region was the leading group (63.8% of all deletions), followed by AZFbc (19.0%), AZFabc (10.3%), AZFb or AZFa (3.4%). FSH, LH levels were significantly increased and T level was decreased in azoospermic patients compared with the fertile men group (P<0.01). Furthermore, in the azoospermic patients with Klinefelter syndrome or AZFabc microdeletions, FSH and LH levels were increased more significantly, and were statistically different from azoospermic patients with normal karotype or without Y chromosome microdeletion (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the Chinese men with azoospermia, the incidence of abnormal karyotype and Y chromosome microdeletion were similar to those described previously in other populations. In azoospermia with Klinefelter syndrome or AZFabc microdeletions, FSH and LH levels increased markedly indicating the protracted stimulation of gonadotrophs due to lack of androgen feedback.</p>

Intergeneration CAG expansion in a Wuhan juvenile-onset Huntington disease family / 神经科学通报·英文版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To make early diagnosis of IT15 gene mutation in a Wuhan juvenile-onset Huntington disease (HD) family, for providing them with genetic counseling, and making preparation for the further research on pathogenesis and experimental therapy of HD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>According to the principle of informed consent, we extracted genomic DNA from peripheral blood samples and carried genetic diagnosis of pathogenic exon 1 of IT15 gene by modified touchdown PCR and DNA sequencing methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight of twenty-five family members carried abnormal allele: III(10), III(12), III(14), IV(3), and V(2) carried (CAG) (48), IV(11) and IV(12) carried (CAG) (67), and IV(14) carried (CAG) (63), in contrast with the 8-25 CAG trinucleotides in the members of control group. IV(14) carried 15 more CAG trinucleotides than her father III(10).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results definitely confirm the diagnosis of HD and indicate the CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion of IT15 gene in this HD family. In addition, CAG expansion results in juvenile-onset and anticipation (characterized by earlier age of onset and increasing severity) of the patient IV(12).</p>

The influence of acetylcholine on N receptor beta-subunit of the gastric epithelia and the gastric adenocarcinoma cells / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To study the influence of acetylcholine (ACh) on nicotinic receptor(N receptor) beta-subunit of the gastric epithelia and the gastric adenocarcinoma cells, and the difference of both cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry method was used to examine the number, number density and surface density of N receptor beta-subunit in both cells cultured in vitro.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The number and number density of N receptor beta-subunit in the gastric adenocarcinoma cells were much more than that in the gastric epithelia (P < 0.05). But surface density of N receptor beta-subunit in the gastric adenocarcinoma cells were lower than that in the gastric epithelia (P < 0.05). ACh at 10(6) mol/L could increase the number, number density and surface density of N receptor beta-subunit in the gastric epithelia (P < 0.01). The increase effect could not be blocked by atropine. ACh had no effect on N receptor beta-subunit in the gastric adenocarcinoma cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ACh at low concentration initiates N receptor desensitization in the gastric epithelia. ACh has no effect on sensitivity of N receptor beta-subunit in the gastric adenocarcinoma cells.</p>